Since 2002 dock workers strike led to the American West in Los Angeles, Long Beach port jams to the attention of the world. Now Port Congestion has become a global issue. 2006, the north of Rotterdam, Hamburg, Antwerp, Felixstowe and Southampton; Mediterranean Piraeus, Thessaloniki, Istanbul, Izmir, Port Said and Exidu gain; North America, Vancouver, Boston; India's Mumbai, Chennai; South Africa's Cape Town, Durban; Sydney in Australia. Brisbane ports, port plug to have been attacked by the ship were lost trips short day is a long day for five days. even more than a week. Port jams caused by a variety of reasons, mainly : labor disputes led to a go-slow strike (2002 U.S. West Los Angeles, Long Beach port workers strike; Vancouver truck drivers end strike in 2005 the Greek port workers strike in 2006) Pier inadequate infrastructure (Rotterdam, Hamburg, Felixstowe, Southampton and other small venues in Hong Kong, the expansion process has been slow. yet caught up with volume growth; Turkey and other eastern countries and poor port infrastructure, trade soared in recent years, and would find it difficult to adapt). war (and confusing situation in the Middle East, Israeli ports often hit), the port software package is inadequate. Port jams so that the carrier's day-to-day operation of a series of adverse effects, such as the potential to reduce class port and reducing the coverage However, the industry should pay the most attention to the consequences : slower growth in global capacity; carrier operating costs. According to conservative estimates, at least 2% of the resulting loss of capacity. Shipping capacity is expected to expand by 12~13% growth, the effect of depletion of capacity, 10~11%% real growth in the overall supply and demand should be relatively balanced. Port serious jams, make up more than 9% loss of capacity in such a situation : ① basic services in Hong Kong jams serious, but not for the replacement of the port near the port, Each cruise ship in the harbor each resulting link must wait for some time. If at the close of the 2002 U.S.-Far East West / U.S. West line (pegged at Los Angeles, Long Beach). At present, the Far East / South Africa line (linking Cape Town and Durban); Second, there are routes link the port several jams. While individual ports, not particularly serious, but many Hong Kong has very substantial. If the Far East / to the east (linking Istanbul, Izmir, Port Said). Port jams due to a number of more serious or port jams, and the carrier is unable to raise the speed. Effective measures to be thrown back in time, resulting in each ship cruises have lost trips every few days, the most serious consequences. Classes for weeks, and more practical to sail single voyage lost trips to seven days. If this happened in the West Port, often lost more than 15% of capacity; If that happened on the east to the port. lost about 10% above capacity; If port in South America, South Africa, the loss of at least 9% of capacity. Actual operations, such extreme cases less. Port jams, a little light in the airway between normal capacity loss in such a situation : ① a number of Hong Kong port jams or serious jams, but also because round-trip voyages a long time has sped up space ship. The carrier may delay raising the speed back in the part-time, or the carrier to maintain schedules. linked primarily to maintain the quality of services through Hong Kong to be thrown back in the part-time delay; Second, only a slight blocked routes linking Hong Kong, the carrier generally will not abandon the link. and will spend some time waiting for loading, but the carrier is unable to raise the speed thrown back measures such as the timetable. Though each of these ports blocked vessels lost trips, but not a particularly long time lost trips, have certain periods, a cruise ship off one or two year cumulative total route lost trips one or two weeks. So the consequences are relatively minor. If shipping, the total lost trips a week, the loss of 2% if the capacity lost trips two weeks, the loss of capacity by 4%. In fact, most of the ports in the form of jams, though often lost trips ships, port jams. But the carrier to maintain stability, often sacrificing fuel costs, port services to individual rush schedules, lost some of its capacity between the airway. Sacrifice carrier operating costs, it can happen in this capacity is not lost : ① routes linking Hong Kong jams very serious, but it is near the port can be replaced, or simply abandon the link to the Hong Kong carrier. while the last one or the next port cargo, the cargo transit through extension services; ② routes linking Hong Kong only minor jams, waiting for the carrier to spend some time working in Hong Kong. But the carrier followed by improving speed, such as the rejection of all measures to back the timetable. The above port jams caused no loss of capacity, it will lead to a sharp rise in operating cost carrier. Ship close to the maximum speed, acceleration Festival each speed, fuel consumption would be around 10-20% increase. especially 8000TEU ships over 22% of the fuel consumption of 200 tons. However, if the speed of 24 knots, and the gasoline to more than 300 tons. At present, the fuel costs about the 30~35% ships operating costs. Therefore the carrier's operating costs accelerated time schedule will increase substantially. Transit cost increases, as the case may be, if the volume of large and the affected range, even need to hire temporary extension carrier ship to solve the problem. Carrier initiative to increase the capacity and ensure cost control services face of port congestion, the carrier often caught in a dilemma. speed up or ship, thrown Hong Kong, rushed schedules, but have to face rising costs and declining services, or lost trips, impaired capacity, It must also face confusion and programming services decreased. In this dilemma, some carriers take a more ships, increased capacity and guarantee quality service. while reducing costs, as a great coalition, and other companies in the Asia-Europe routes to fly up to reduce speed. Shipping volume will increase to 9. Although regarded as a viable way to increase the number of ships, but there is no real loss of the carrier? Clearly mistaken. To ensure that classes in the same week, only seven of the original nine vessels on the route of the ship now. no reason to pay more than 2 carrier vessels (including the resulting fuel consumption and other ships and fixed and variable costs) . Increase the number of ships in the carrier can say is that when the oil price is high, the cost is very high. Marine oil prices in the United States are usually only 270 to 300 yuan per metric ton above, this measure is the cost savings. Anyway, Port jams widespread problem in the global container shipping market capacity growth has indeed been a considerable degree of offset Therefore the industry growth forecast actual capacity, we must also be given to the crowded terminal, actual capacity loss caused by the ship lost trips.